SOCKS5

SOCKS5 is a versatile proxy protocol that routes TCP/UDP traffic through a server while supporting advanced authentication and IPv6.

Defined in RFC 1928, SOCKS5 operates at Layer 5 (Session Layer) to bridge the gap between application-specific proxies and lower-level tunnels. Unlike SOCKS4, this version handles UDP packets and provides three authentication methods: no authentication, username/password, and GSS-API. It is a favorite for bypassing firewalls or masking IP addresses because it does not interpret the traffic (unlike HTTP proxies), making it compatible with any protocol, from SSH to BitTorrent. High-performance implementations like Dante or ShadowSocks leverage this protocol to maintain low-latency connections across complex network topologies.

https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1928