Binutils

GNU Binutils is a collection of binary tools for creating, modifying, and analyzing object files and executables.

Binutils provides the foundational toolkit for binary manipulation on Unix-like systems. It centers on the BFD (Binary File Descriptor) library: this allows tools to handle diverse object formats like ELF and PE across different architectures. Key utilities include ld (the linker) for combining object files, as (the assembler) for generating machine code, and objdump for disassembling binaries. Developers use nm to inspect symbol tables and readelf to extract detailed header information. This suite remains essential for low-level system programming and toolchain development.

https://www.gnu.org/software/binutils/