Selenium WebDriver

The W3C standard for cross-browser automation, providing a unified API to control web browsers programmatically.

Selenium WebDriver acts as the industry standard for browser automation by communicating directly with browser engines (like ChromeDriver for Chrome and GeckoDriver for Firefox). It supports five primary languages: Java, Python, C#, Ruby, and JavaScript. By utilizing the W3C WebDriver protocol, it ensures consistent behavior across platforms while integrating into CI/CD pipelines. Developers scale these tests using Selenium Grid 4 to manage execution on diverse operating systems including Windows, macOS, and Linux.

https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/webdriver/